Round 8: Tossup 16
A hypothesis for how herbivores and pathogens affect levels of this quantity in forests was proposed by Janzen and Connell. A measure of this quantity is given by [read slowly] “one minus the sum of little n times little n minus one, over big N times big N minus one.” Measures for this quantity named for Simpson and Shannon consider both evenness and richness. A “latitudinal gradient” describes how this biological quantity increases near the tropics. Regions with high values for this quantity that are threatened by human habitation are known as its “hotspots” and include the Amazon Rainforest. For 10 points, name this quantity that measures the variability of species in a region. ■END■
ANSWER: biodiversity [accept biodiversity hotspots; accept latitudinal diversity gradient; accept Simpson diversity index or Gini–Simpson diversity index or Gini’s diversity index or Shannon diversity index; prompt on species evenness until read by asking “can you be less specific?”; prompt on species richness until read by asking “can you be less specific?”; prompt on Gini impurity by asking “what quantity does that measure?”]
<Editors, Biology> | Packet I
= Average correct buzz position
Buzzes
| Player | Team | Opponent | Position | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gregory Stone | ESF | Cornell A | 56 | 10 |
| Eric Zhu | Cornell D | RIT B | 57 | 10 |
| Judah Garlic | Cornell C | RIT A | 66 | 10 |
| Jonah McGinley | Rochester | Binghamton B | 70 | 10 |
| Minh Nguyen | Cornell B | Binghamton C | 80 | -5 |
| Molly Oakley | Binghamton C | Cornell B | 86 | 10 |
Summary
| Tournament | Edition | TUH | Conv. % | Neg % | Average Buzz |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UK (North) | UK | 5 | 100% | 0% | 80.20 |
| UK (South) | UK | 8 | 100% | 38% | 75.00 |
| Northern California | US | 4 | 100% | 0% | 50.25 |
| Southern California | US | 7 | 100% | 14% | 58.57 |
| Eastern Canada (1) | US | 5 | 100% | 0% | 65.60 |
| Eastern Canada (2) | US | 9 | 100% | 11% | 67.56 |
| Florida | US | 4 | 100% | 25% | 78.75 |
| Great Lakes | US | 12 | 100% | 17% | 63.08 |
| Lower Mid-Atlantic | US | 9 | 100% | 0% | 58.00 |
| Upper Mid-Atlantic | US | 2 | 100% | 0% | 45.50 |
| Midwest | US | 9 | 100% | 22% | 63.44 |
| North | US | 4 | 100% | 50% | 94.75 |
| Northeast | US | 10 | 100% | 20% | 70.40 |
| Pacific | US | 8 | 100% | 0% | 59.63 |
| South Central | US | 7 | 100% | 0% | 68.14 |
| Southeast | US | 13 | 100% | 0% | 65.77 |
| Upstate NY | US | 5 | 100% | 20% | 67.00 |