Round 10: Tossup 19

A form of this quantity is the associated Noether (“NURR-turr”) current when the Lagrangian (-5[1])does not depend on a given coordinate. This quantity’s “conjugate” form equals the derivative of the Lagrangian with respect to generalized velocity and is related to q and q-dot in Hamilton’s equations. Position and the generalized form of this quantity are the usual coordinates of phase space. The square of this quantity’s “linear” form divided by two times mass equals kinetic energy. In the general (10[1])statement of Newton’s third law, (-5[1])force equals the time derivative of this quantity, (-5[1])which is conserved in all collisions. For 10 points, (10[1])name this quantity equal to mass times velocity. ■END■ (10[3])

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