Round 11: Tossup 19

A form of this quantity is the associated Noether (“NURR-turr”) current when the Lagrangian does not depend on a given coordinate. This quantity’s “conjugate” form equals the derivative of the Lagrangian with respect to generalized velocity and is related to q and q-dot in Hamilton’s equations. Position and the generalized form of this quantity are the usual coordinates of phase space. The square of this quantity’s “linear” form (10[1])divided by two times mass equals kinetic energy. In the general statement of Newton’s third law, (-5[1])force equals the time derivative of this quantity, (-5[1])which is conserved in all collisions. For 10 points, name this quantity equal to mass times velocity. ■END■ (10[3])

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