Round 2: Tossup 4

This physical theory uses analogues of rotation matrices containing hyperbolic trig functions. A common (10[1])derivation in this theory that uses the Pythagorean theorem considers light bouncing between two mirrors. (10[2])In this theory, the integral of gamma dt over c equals the proper time. Lorentz transformations (10[1])convert (10[2])four-vectors (10[2])between inertial reference frames in this theory, which holds that simultaneity depends on your reference frame. (-5[1])This theory predicts (10[1])that moving objects experience time dilation and length contraction, and it was developed in one of the “annus mirabilis” papers. For 10 points, name this theory of Albert Einstein that he expanded into a “general” form. ■END■ (10[1])

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