Round 6: Tossup 4

This physical theory uses analogues of rotation matrices containing hyperbolic trig functions. A common derivation in this theory that uses the Pythagorean theorem considers light bouncing between two mirrors. In this theory, the integral of gamma dt over c equals the proper time. Lorentz transformations (10[1])convert four-vectors between inertial reference frames in this theory, which holds that simultaneity depends on your reference frame. (10[1]-5[1])This theory predicts that moving objects experience time dilation (-5[1])and length contraction, and it was developed in one of the “annus mirabilis” papers. (10[1])For 10 points, name this theory of Albert Einstein that he expanded into a “general” form. ■END■ (10[1])

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