Tossup

The polynomial [read slowly] x to the n plus y to the n is irreducible over the reals if and only if n is one of these numbers. (-5[1])Every known almost perfect number is one of these numbers. (-5[1])The cardinality of the power (-5[1])set of any finite set (-5[1])is one of these numbers. (10[1]-5[1])These numbers appear in the exponent in the formula for Fermat numbers, while Mersenne primes are defined as being one (10[1])less (10[1])than these (10[1])numbers. The (10[1])sum along (10[1])any row of Pascal’s triangle is equal to one of these numbers. These are the only integers with no odd prime factors. In binary, these numbers consist of a one followed by all zeros. For 10 points, name these numbers which include 4, 8 and 16, (10[1])obtained (10[1])by repeated multiplication by the smallest even number. ■END■ (10[2])

ANSWER: powers of two [accept two to the n; accept any letter in place of “n”; reject “second powers”]
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= Average correct buzz position

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